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Application Notes
Introduction
This application note is intended for those who require a functioning knowledge of residual bit error rate (BER) in digital QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation) radio systems. Residual BER is critical to understanding and determining phase noise and linearity requirements necessary to uphold a given quality of service (QoS) in error rate limited radios. This note assumes a basic knowledge of radio frequency (RF) technology and measurement, but is addressed to a wide audience whose exact skills and experience may vary.
The demand to put more data through the wireless channel has driven the industry to complex modulations that require low-phase-noise oscillators and low-distortion power amplifiers (PAs). While design tools such as link power budgets are excellent for predicting performance at threshold, a different analysis is needed for ‘normal’ receive power levels. Prediction of residual BER allows a radio designer to determine both phase noise and linearity requirements for a given quality of service (QoS). Bit error rate performance is thus related to key analog metrics that drive an all-important parameter—cost!
The dramatic growth of the broadband market in recent years has created much interest in this littleunderstood topic—thus this application note.
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